Transcript
Analysis - Annina and Toby
First of all we notice that Toby pronounces his name and his
age of 9 years old. He is also foreign and only just learned English. This is
the same as his sister Annina, who pronounces her name, however not her age. This
is because she doesn’t know how to say it or she isn’t advanced enough to have
a longer turn.
Pronouns
The pronoun usage of the pair is very good. Toby uses the 1st
person pronoun of ‘I’. he does this very well and knows what tense to always
put them in, such as ‘I like strawberries’. He also uses a 1st
person pronoun of ‘we’ by saying that they both have a dog. He understands the
pronoun context very well and when to use it. Annina doesn’t show her
understanding of pronouns as much, she shows a good understanding of the word
‘I’ however, the same as Toby as she knows what tense to use it in, such as ‘I
have a black dog’.
Declaratives
Due to Toby speaking more, again we notice he says a number
of more declaratives. He says ‘we have a god her name is Wendy umm she is three
years old’. This is a statement saying they have a dog, however he has
continued to create a complex sentence with 2 clauses, and then followed on
again by saying she is three years old using the connective ‘umm’ as a filler
for his thinking time. This is part of natural speech using fillers. Annina
says a declarative as well, for example ‘I have a black dog’. Once again she
has said a statement, however she has not elongated like Toby and said anything
else. This could be because she is younger than him and even though they are
both past the stage in their language of continuing speech, she isn’t as good
in another language.
Negatives
Annina doesn’t seem to say a negative. This could be because
she isn’t advanced enough in her stages, and isn’t on the post-telegraphic stage just yet in English. Toby however uses
one by saying ‘I eat no meat’. This is a negative and shows how advanced he is
in this language; however it is not grammatically correct in his word order. He
should say ‘I don’t eat meat. However even though he isn’t at this stage yet he
shows signs that he knows what he’s talking about.
They both show good understanding about the language, using
syntactically correct sentences such as ‘we have a dog her name is Wendy umm
she is three years old’. You will also notice with the girl that she uses
repetition she says ‘I have a black dog’ and then her next line is ‘I like my
little black dog’ she is at a stage where she can use 2 adjectives such as
‘little’ and ‘black’ to describe the dog. Compared to the boy that is fully
advanced, he uses a tripe r type structure saying ‘I love my little brown and
red dog’ he’s used 3 adjectives to describe what the dog is. Also the boy knows
tenses very well. He says a simple sentence saying ‘I play clarinet’. He’s using
a subject and verb in the correct tense which helps us realise what his age is
and how far past the post-telegraphic stage he is in language development. However
he still needs thinking time, as in his longest turn take, he pauses 15 times,
which could be classed as his thinking time as he’s making a list, this shows natural
speech patterns.
